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Rhinoplasty or plastic reconstructive surgery of the nose,
originated in India. As far back as 1500 BC, “The Ramayana”
describes Lakshmana amputating Surpanakha’s nose, and Ravana getting
it reconstructed by surgeons. In 600 BC, Sushrutha of Benares, one
of the earliest plastic surgeons wrote his surgical text –‘Sushrutha
Samhitha’, where he described the use of skin flaps from the cheek
for rhinoplasty. Later, in the 4th century AD, Vagbhat proposed
rhinoplasty again using cheek skin flaps in his book ‘Ashtanga
Hridyans’.
The secret of the ‘Indian method’ passed between certain families
for centuries, until 1793, when it finally reached Europe. Later,
the ‘Italian method’ evolved, and in 1837, the first rhinoplasty in
the U.S.A was performed, using the ‘Indian method’.
During the turn of the last century, Jacques Joseph, an orthopaedic
surgeon in Berlin published a number of articles on the correction
of various deformities of the nose. Some of his concepts hold good
even today and he is generally considered as the father of modern
rhinoplasty.
Subsequently, there have been many improvements in techniques, and
today it has been almost perfected to an art, aesthetic rhinoplasty
being an entity by itself.
The surgeon’s goal is twofold, to achieve an aesthetic result and to
have a satisfied patient.
It is not possible to deal with the proportions of the nose or
establish a standard of beauty without considering it within the
context of the whole face. Facial beauty is an elusive concept,
related to symmetry, balance and the harmonious relationship among
its different segments. The square of Leonardo, shows how the artist
was aware of the aesthetic interdependence of the various parts of
the face and tried to codify them. (Fig.1)
A surgeon or an artist with experience in facial observation and
analysis may readily detect problems.
In any case, it is necessary to follow certain rules and
measurements to assess the face. These are derived from studies of
physical anthropology that correspond mainly to the Indo – European
race, and the currently accepted standards of beauty. Many
variations occur in different races and may be considered beautiful
in a particular ethnic and cultural background. A balance among the
facial components is important. A beautiful large nose may be out of
proportion in a very small face or vice versa. A parrot beak or a
hump on the nose, may be considered a good shape generally, but
surgically and aesthetically, it is not so.
Photographs of the full face view, nasal view and the profile have
to be taken, studied and assessed in detail for the surgeon to
arrive at a conclusion, as to the modifications and corrections
needed.
Depending on the reshaping that has to be done, the size of the nose
may have to reduced or augmented. Deviations of the nose may be
external or internal and corrections are done accordingly. Modern
rhinoplasty techniques use incisions which are not visible
externally and hence no scar or marks are seen outside.
Here, we show you some photographs of patients before and after
surgery to illustrate the results.
In
today’s context, there are more and more people who are becoming
aware of their appearances and wanting to ‘look good’ is a very
essential part of one’s make-up. Since, this can also be achieved
with hardly any complications and minimum hospitalisation, the path
to beauty is not as distant or as inaccessible as it was in the
past.
At Sinus and Nose, we specialize in Rhinoplasty. We have the
necessary plastic surgery skills as well as the ENT skills for a
total correction of nasal deformities. Till date we have done over
500 Rhinoplasties, for varieties of deformities.
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